Jump to content
主视角中国

这回是真射出去了


Rorschach

Recommended Posts

MK-46 Torpedo

Torpedoes are self-propelled guided projectiles that operate underwater and are designed to detonate on contact or in proximity to a target. They may be launched from submarines, surface ships, helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft. They are also used as parts of other weapons; the Mark 46 torpedo becomes the warhead section of the ASROC (Anti-Submarine ROCket) and the Captor mine uses a submerged sensor platform that releases a torpedo when a hostile contact is detected. The three major torpedoes in the Navy inventory are the Mark 48 heavyweight torpedo, the Mark 46 lightweight and the Mark 50 advanced lightweight.

The MK-46 torpedo is designed to attack high performance submarines, and is presently identified as the NATO standard. The MK-46 torpedo is designed to be launched from surface combatant torpedo tubes, ASROC missiles and fixed and rotary wing aircraft. In 1989, a major upgrade program began to enhance the performance of the MK-46 Mod 5 in shallow water. Weapons incorporating these improvements are identified as Mod 5A and Mod 5A(S). The MK-46 Mod 5 torpedo is the backbone of the Navy's lightweight ASW torpedo inventory and is expected to remain in service until the year 2015. The MK 46 originated with the RETORC I (Research Torpedo Configuration I) program conducted by the US Naval Undersea Center (NUC) at Pasadena, CA.

Specifications

Primary Function Air and ship-launched lightweight torpedo

Contractor Alliant Techsystems

Power Plant Two-speed, reciprocating external combustion;

Mono-propellant (Otto fuel II) fueled

Length 102.36 in. tube launch configuration (from ship)

Weight 517.65 lbs (warshot configuration)

Diameter 12.75 inches

Range Officially "8,000 yards"

Reportedly 11,400 - 12,000 yd. at 45 kt.

Weapon acquisition range 1600 yards

Min/Max ASROC launching ranges 1500 to 12000 yards

Depth Officially "Greater than 1,200 ft (365 meters)"

Reportedly 1,500 ft.

Search/attack depth settings Minimum 20 yards

Maximum 1500 yards

Speed Greater than 28 knots (32.2 mph, 51.52 kph)

Reportedly 45 kt

Actual 45 knots

Run characteristics 6-8 minutes

clockwise

Guidance System Homing mode - Active or passive/active acoustic homing

Launch/search mode - Snake or circle search

Warhead 98 lbs. of PBXN-103 high explosive (bulk charge)

Date Deployed 1966 (Mod 0); 1979 (Mod 5)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

MK-48跟MK-46外表雷同

也都能用Mk-60三联装发射装置

飞碟结论下的太仓促了

MK48鱼雷

MK-48型鱼雷是美国海军装备的一种自动制导鱼雷,它可以从潜艇、水面舰艇和飞机上发射,既可以攻击潜伏在深海的核动力潜艇,也可以对付高速水面舰艇。MK-48型鱼雷重达1543.3千克,射程8千米。美国所有的潜艇均装备了这种鱼雷。

MK48型鱼雷是美国海军新装备的重型潜用鱼雷,主要装备在核潜艇,用以攻击潜艇和大中型水面舰艇。是美国海军90年代的主力鱼雷。

MK48是美国雷锡恩公司研制的垂直发射系统,该系统同时用于日本、韩国及北约组织各国的海军舰艇装备,至90年代初该系统已装舰40多套,它可用于发射北约的RIM-7P、RIM-7M“海麻雀”及ESSM改进型“海麻雀”对空点防御导弹。

MK48数据

MK48鱼雷长5.85米,直径533毫米,重量1582千克,航速55节,航程46000米,最大航深1200米。

动力系统:热动力斜盘机,采用奥托2型燃料,系统功率500马力,具有高能量密度、低噪音、无尾迹等特点。鱼雷战斗部为装药100-150千克的爆破战斗部,单雷命中即可击沉一艘大型潜艇或中型水面舰艇。

主要特点:威力大,具有反潜攻舰双重功能;制导系统先进,属“智能化”鱼雷;航速高,潜深大,特别适合攻击大深度高速潜艇和大中型水面舰艇。

该鱼雷采用模块化舱段结构,主要由4个舱段组成:雷顶段、战雷头、控制舱和动力装置舱。雷顶段内装主/被动声自导装置,由发射机和接收机组成。战雷头型号为MK103Mod1/2,分别内装43.6kgH-6炸药(TNT当量为1.06)和44.5kgPBXN-103炸药(TNT当量为1.02),与触发引信和近距引信配用,前者称之为爆发器,埋在炸药中,当鱼雷撞击目标时,其惯性开关闭合,引爆炸药;后者称之为感应线圈,嵌在雷壳中,当鱼雷与目标距离缩短到0.6m时,感应线圈产生1个电压,经放大后输入点火电路,引爆炸药;爆发器还可由计算机按预定程序引爆炸药。控制舱装有计算机和自动驾驶仪,还装有电源。

动力装置舱采用燃气发动机,由海水电池起动。尾部有4翼片稳定尾翼装置,翼展为388mm,尾翼之后装有一对螺旋桨。在雷尾排气阀之后的尾端,装有1个球头,当鱼雷用MK32型舰载发射管发射时,管中的制动器卡住该球头,起制动作用;当鱼雷从飞机和助飞火箭投射时,该球头用来与降落伞相连;当鱼雷用作MK60水雷的战斗部时,该球头与水雷相连。

该鱼雷潜航速度为40节,即40海里/小时(kn),追击时可达45海里/小时(kn),航程5.5~11km,下潜深度为800m。鱼雷入水2s后改平,再经2s后海水电池起动动力装置,同时发出下潜指令,鱼雷以45°下潜接敌,到达预定搜索深度时,按蛇形(主动自导)或环形(被动自导)方式搜索。捕获目标后,用主动自导方式进入追击。如丢失目标,则重新转入蛇形或环形搜索状态,直到重新发现目标或发动机燃烧耗尽为止。声自导作用距离1400~1500m。

该鱼雷是世界上第1个热动力型自导鱼雷,也是最早采用数字式电子计算机的自导鱼雷,其主要特点为:

1)采用模块化舱段结构,各部件易于维修和互换使用,提高可靠性和维修性。

2)采用先进电子器件、数字式计算机和自动驾驶仪,实现结构轻小型化,并提高对小型目标的探测能力、抗目标干扰能力、以及自身噪声对声自导的干扰能力。

3)采用热动力装置,早期型号动力装置采用过氯酸铵和硝酸铵固体燃料,生成的燃气不仅提供鱼雷推进功率,同时还用作鱼雷制导系统的能源。改进型号动力装置改用液体单组元燃料——“奥托”,性能进一步提高,并给燃料泵加上双速控制机构,增大对小型目标的探测深度和攻击能力。因此,该鱼雷在性能水平上比MK44有很大提高,属于第三代小型通用反潜鱼雷。

该鱼雷的主要缺陷是:

1)其爆破式战雷头在攻击有双层壳体的现代潜艇时效果不佳,需改用能穿入潜艇壳体内部后爆炸的空心装药和爆破复合战雷头。

2)其动力装置的工作深度仍显不够,因其为开式循环,受海水背压影响,其航速与航程随下潜深度增加而减小,难以对付具有很大潜深的现代潜艇,故于90年代初开始被更先进的第四代小型反潜鱼雷MK50所取代。

基本战术技术性能

直 径 324mm

长 度 2590mm

重 量 230kg

战 斗 部 重44kg

制导系统 主/被动声自导

动力装置 燃气发动机

航 速 40kn

航 程 5500~11000m

下潜深度 800m

到底是MK-46,还是MK-48??? -_-

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You can post now and register later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.

访客
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

×
×
  • 创建新的...